242 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
242 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
Configuration of an LTE modem on the Raspberry Pi
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[HUAWEI 4G Dongle E3372](https://consumer.huawei.com/za/routers/e3372/specs/) is an USB 2.0 device with a microSD card reader and a slot for a standard SIM Card
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After plugging in the USB dongle check if Linux recognized it. See `Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Modem/Networkcard`
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`lsusb`
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```
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Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
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Bus 001 Device 004: ID 04d9:0007 Holtek Semiconductor, Inc.
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Bus 001 Device 005: ID 12d1:1506 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Modem/Networkcard
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Bus 001 Device 003: ID 2516:012f Cooler Master Co., Ltd.
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Bus 001 Device 002: ID 2109:3431 VIA Labs, Inc. Hub
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Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
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```
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Check if the driver created the modem device. You should see the `/dev/cdc-wdm0`
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`ls /dev/cdc*`
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```
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/dev/cdc-wdm0
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```
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Install `NetworkManager`
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`sudo apt install network-manager`
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Check modems avalable to the NetworkManager
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`mmcli --list-modems`
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```
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/org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/0 [huawei] E3372
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```
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Check status of the modem
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`mmcli --modem=/org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/0`
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```
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--------------------------------
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General | dbus path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/0
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| device id: 46c19d81068f7f5001140bf211de0b717b981698
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--------------------------------
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Hardware | manufacturer: huawei
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| model: E3372
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| revision: 21.200.07.00.55
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| supported: gsm-umts
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| current: gsm-umts
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| equipment id: 861821033381192
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--------------------------------
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System | device: /sys/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3
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| drivers: option1, huawei_cdc_ncm
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| plugin: Huawei
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| primary port: ttyUSB1
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| ports: ttyUSB0 (at), ttyUSB1 (at), cdc-wdm0 (at), wwan0 (net)
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--------------------------------
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Status | unlock retries: sim-pin (3), sim-pin2 (3), sim-puk (10), sim-puk2 (10)
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| state: connected
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| power state: on
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| access tech: lte
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| signal quality: 70% (recent)
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--------------------------------
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Modes | supported: allowed: 2g; preferred: none
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| allowed: 3g; preferred: none
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| allowed: 4g; preferred: none
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| allowed: 2g, 3g, 4g; preferred: none
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| current: allowed: 2g, 3g, 4g; preferred: none
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--------------------------------
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IP | supported: ipv4
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--------------------------------
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3GPP | imei: 861821033381192
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| operator id: 23101
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| operator name: Orange
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| registration: home
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--------------------------------
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3GPP EPS | ue mode of operation: csps-2
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--------------------------------
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SIM | dbus path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/SIM/0
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--------------------------------
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Bearer | dbus path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Bearer/0
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```
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Check the SIM card status
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`mmcli --sim=/org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/SIM/0`
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```
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---------------------------
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General | dbus path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/SIM/0
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---------------------------
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Properties | imsi: 231014462647671
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| iccid: 8942101180024842166
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| operator id: 23101
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| operator name: Orange
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```
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First check if the NetworkManager is running
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`sudo systemctl status NetworkManager`
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If not, start it
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`sudo systemctl start NetworkManager`
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Create configuration for the modem. Set `con-name 'Orange-LTE'` to any name and `apn 'internet'` to the APN name of your mobile provider
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`sudo nmcli connection add type gsm ifname '*' con-name 'Orange-LTE' apn 'internet' connection.autoconnect yes`
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The configuration file is created with the con-name as filename and nmconnection as the suffix. Edit if neccessary
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`sudo cat /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/Orange-LTE.nmconnection`
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```
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[connection]
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id=Orange-LTE
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uuid=8dc159fe-e0ed-4a56-9b7f-fb813e2c4753
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type=gsm
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permissions=
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[gsm]
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apn=internet
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number=*99#
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[ipv4]
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dns-search=
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method=auto
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[ipv6]
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addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy
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dns-search=
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method=auto
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```
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Show devices managed by NetworkManager
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`nmcli con show`
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```
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NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
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myWifiAP 17fb4276-6b9e-4554-8134-af0d6627e46f wifi wlan0
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lo a145109e-01b4-42f2-aab2-83f79b575daa loopback lo
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Orange-LTE 4e6923bb-5abb-44a8-b5f7-fdaecbf7ff7e gsm cdc-wdm0
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Wired connection 1 1a1bdcb2-799e-3b7d-b123-c972f3d4dfe1 ethernet --
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```
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To deactivate a connection
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`sudo nmcli con down Orange-LTE`
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To bring it up again
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`sudo nmcli con up Orange-LTE`
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To show one property of the connection (e.g. IPv4 address)
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`nmcli -g ip4.address con show Orange-LTE`
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Check status of the network device `wwan0`. It should have an IP address assigned by your mobile provider (e.g. 10.121.79.142)
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`ip addr show wwan0`
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```
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4: wwan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
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link/ether 00:1e:10:1f:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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inet 10.121.79.142/30 brd 10.121.79.143 scope global noprefixroute wwan0
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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inet 169.254.62.145/16 brd 169.254.255.255 scope global noprefixroute wwan0
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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```
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Check if the internet is reachable
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`ping -I wwan0 www.google.com -c 5`
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```
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PING www.google.com (142.251.37.100) from 10.121.79.142 wwan0: 56(84) bytes of data.
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64 bytes from prg03s13-in-f4.1e100.net (142.251.37.100): icmp_seq=1 ttl=117 time=23.5 ms
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64 bytes from prg03s13-in-f4.1e100.net (142.251.37.100): icmp_seq=2 ttl=117 time=36.9 ms
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64 bytes from prg03s13-in-f4.1e100.net (142.251.37.100): icmp_seq=3 ttl=117 time=32.7 ms
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64 bytes from prg03s13-in-f4.1e100.net (142.251.37.100): icmp_seq=4 ttl=117 time=43.7 ms
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64 bytes from prg03s13-in-f4.1e100.net (142.251.37.100): icmp_seq=5 ttl=117 time=29.7 ms
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--- www.google.com ping statistics ---
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5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 11ms
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rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 23.539/33.298/43.704/6.781 ms
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```
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Make the NetworkManager start automaticaly after the boot
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`sudo systemctl enable NetworkManager`
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Monitor data usage
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------------------
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Install `vnstat`. Gathered statistics persists through system reboots
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`sudo apt install vnstat`
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Check monthly data usage
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`vnstat --iface wwan0 --months`
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```
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wwan0 / monthly
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month rx | tx | total | avg. rate
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------------------------+-------------+-------------+---------------
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2022-11 1.05 GB | 4.32 GB | 5.37 GB | 17.78 kbit/s
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2022-12 893.89 MB | 3.68 GB | 4.55 GB | 14.60 kbit/s
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2023-01 1.14 GB | 5.10 GB | 6.24 GB | 20.01 kbit/s
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2023-02 1.21 GB | 4.93 GB | 6.14 GB | 21.80 kbit/s
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2023-03 1.23 GB | 5.64 GB | 6.87 GB | 22.03 kbit/s
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2023-04 1.15 GB | 5.22 GB | 6.37 GB | 21.11 kbit/s
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2023-05 1.23 GB | 4.39 GB | 5.62 GB | 18.04 kbit/s
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2023-06 2.68 GB | 7.01 GB | 9.69 GB | 32.10 kbit/s
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2023-07 1.61 GB | 6.94 GB | 8.55 GB | 27.41 kbit/s
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2023-08 1.76 GB | 7.65 GB | 9.41 GB | 30.19 kbit/s
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2023-09 1.82 GB | 7.99 GB | 9.81 GB | 32.52 kbit/s
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2023-10 1.71 GB | 7.64 GB | 9.35 GB | 44.80 kbit/s
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------------------------+-------------+-------------+---------------
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estimated 2.56 GB | 11.41 GB | 13.97 GB |
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```
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See realtime traffic
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`vnstat --iface wwan0 --live`
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```
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Monitoring wwan0... (press CTRL-C to stop)
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rx: 0 kbit/s 1 p/s tx: 1 kbit/s 1 p/s
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rx: 2 kbit/s 4 p/s tx: 3 kbit/s 3 p/s
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rx: 1 kbit/s 1 p/s tx: 1 kbit/s 1 p/s^C
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wwan0 / traffic statistics
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rx | tx
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--------------------------------------+------------------
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bytes 3 KiB | 6 KiB
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--------------------------------------+------------------
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max 2 kbit/s | 3 kbit/s
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average 0.76 kbit/s | 1.51 kbit/s
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min 0 kbit/s | 1 kbit/s
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--------------------------------------+------------------
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packets 49 | 47
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--------------------------------------+------------------
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max 4 p/s | 3 p/s
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average 1 p/s | 1 p/s
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min 0 p/s | 0 p/s
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--------------------------------------+------------------
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time 30 seconds
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```
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