2023-12-19 09:22:22 +01:00
2023-12-18 03:17:04 +01:00
2023-12-19 09:22:22 +01:00

Prerequisities

Install the collection of command line video4linux utilities

sudo apt-get install v4l-utils

Lists all available cameras

v4l2-ctl --list-devices

USB Video device: USB Camera (usb-0000:01:00.0-1.1.4):
	/dev/video0
	/dev/video1

List available formats for your camera /dev/video0 (e.g. Logitech QuickCam Pro 9000)

v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 --list-formats-ext

ioctl: VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT
	Type: Video Capture

	[0]: 'MJPG' (Motion-JPEG, compressed)
		Size: Discrete 160x120
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 176x144
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 320x240
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 352x288
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 640x480
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 800x600
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 960x720
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
	[1]: 'YUYV' (YUYV 4:2:2)
		Size: Discrete 160x120
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 176x144
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 320x240
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 352x288
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 640x480
			Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 800x600
			Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 960x720
			Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
		Size: Discrete 1600x1200
			Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)

Or using ffmpeg

ffmpeg -hide_banner -f v4l2 -list_formats all -i /dev/video0

Compressed:       mjpeg :          Motion-JPEG : 160x120 176x144 320x240 352x288 640x480 800x600 960x720
Raw       :     yuyv422 :           YUYV 4:2:2 : 160x120 176x144 320x240 352x288 640x480 800x600 960x720 1600x1200

Lists all available recording devices

arecord -l

**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 1: Q9000 [QuickCam Pro 9000], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

Live Streaming

Use you own LIVE-STREAM-KEY and run

Live stream camera to peertube

ffmpeg -hide_banner -f v4l2 -framerate 15 -video_size 1600x1200 -input_format yuyv422 -i /dev/video0 -vcodec libx264 -tune zerolatency -b:v 1M -maxrate 1M -bufsize 2M -f flv rtmp://peertube.virtonline.eu:1935/live/LIVE-STREAM-KEY

Live stream desktop to peertube

Note: Does not work on Waylad (What is Wayland in Linux Distros and Should You Use it?). You can quickly check whether you're using X or Wayland echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE

DISPLAY=:0 ffmpeg -hide_banner -f x11grab -framerate 5 -video_size 830x630 -i :0.0+50,95 -vf format=pix_fmts=yuv420p -vcodec libx264 -tune zerolatency -preset veryfast -f flv rtmp://peertube.virtonline.eu:1935/live/LIVE-STREAM-KEY

Live stream camera with sound and desktop as an overlay to peertube

DISPLAY=:0 # select display (only if run remotely e.g. ssh) ffmpeg -hide_banner # do not output compile flags -thread_queue_size 4096 -f pulse -ac 2 -i default # audio input from PulseAudio
-thread_queue_size 512 -f v4l2 -framerate 5 -video_size 1600x1200 -input_format yuyv422 -i /dev/video0 # camera input
-thread_queue_size 512 -f x11grab -framerate 5 -video_size 830x630 -i :0.0+50,95 # 830x630 window from screen 0 with offset 50,95
-filter_complex 'overlay=main_w-overlay_w:main_h-overlay_h' # picture-in-picture
-c:v libx264 -tune zerolatency -preset ultrafast -b:v 1M -maxrate 1M -bufsize 2M # output video codec
-c:a aac -b:a 64k # output audio codec
-f flv # output container
rtmp://peertube.virtonline.eu:1935/live/LIVE-STREAM-KEY # peertube streaming url

Live stream white text on black background ffmpeg create blank screen with text video

ffmpeg -hide_banner -f lavfi -i color=size=320x240:rate=25:color=black -vf "drawtext=fontfile=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/freefont/FreeSans.ttf:fontsize=30:fontcolor=white:x=(w-text_w)/2:y=(h-text_h)/2:text='Stream začne čoskoro...'" -vcodec libx264 -preset slow -f flv rtmp://peertube.virtonline.eu:1935/live/LIVE-STREAM-KEY

Adjusting camera functions

Brightness, zoom, focus, etc, can be adjusted

v4l2-ctl -L

                     brightness 0x00980900 (int)    : min=-64 max=64 step=1 default=0 value=0
                       contrast 0x00980901 (int)    : min=0 max=95 step=1 default=0 value=0
                     saturation 0x00980902 (int)    : min=0 max=100 step=1 default=64 value=64
                            hue 0x00980903 (int)    : min=-2000 max=2000 step=1 default=0 value=0
 white_balance_temperature_auto 0x0098090c (bool)   : default=1 value=1
                          gamma 0x00980910 (int)    : min=100 max=300 step=1 default=100 value=100
           power_line_frequency 0x00980918 (menu)   : min=0 max=2 default=1 value=1
				0: Disabled
				1: 50 Hz
				2: 60 Hz
      white_balance_temperature 0x0098091a (int)    : min=2800 max=6500 step=10 default=4600 value=4600 flags=inactive
                      sharpness 0x0098091b (int)    : min=1 max=7 step=1 default=2 value=2
         backlight_compensation 0x0098091c (int)    : min=0 max=1 step=1 default=0 value=0
                  exposure_auto 0x009a0901 (menu)   : min=0 max=3 default=3 value=3
				1: Manual Mode
				3: Aperture Priority Mode
         exposure_auto_priority 0x009a0903 (bool)   : default=0 value=1

Then adjust the value:

v4l2-ctl -c <option>=<value>

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